Film Review: Presume Coupable (Presumed Guilty)

19 September 2011 by Dimitri Keramitas    3605  
Film Review: Presume Coupable (Presumed Guilty)
Dimitri Keramitas
By Dimitri Keramitas
Présumé Coupable: J’Accuse! Presumed Guilty (Présumé Coupable) is a film one can only speak of in strong terms. It is not an uplifting film, but it is the most powerful French film to appear in a very long time. It is a testament of horrific injustice—and ultimate justice, as well, though after seeing this movie the expression “all’s well that ends well” will leave a sour taste in your mouth. Although Presumed Guilty is a semi-documentary feature film, it evokes Shoah more than Schindler’s List. Perhaps the comparison is inapt: Presumed Guilty isn’t about a crime against humanity, but it depicts an innocent man framed for paedophilia and child rape of his own children and others in the small Normandy town of Outreau in 2001. L’affaire d’Outreau rocked French society and has been called the greatest miscarriage of justice in France since WWII. It involved a large group of blameless citizens who were falsely accused; however, director Vincent Garenq chose to focus on the tragedy of a single man, Alain Marécaux. The role of Marécaux is played by Philippe Torreton, one of France’s greatest actors (former sociétaire of the Comédie Française and winner of the Best Actor César for Bertrand Tavernier’s Capitaine Conan). Marécaux was a huissier de justice, a legal professional with some of the functions of an American process server and marshal. Married, with a brood of children, he seemed to be a paragon of provincial respectability. One night a pack of police raided his house and terrorized his family (here the comparison with the Occupation isn’t so inapt after all). Marécaux found himself roughed up and harshly questioned by police officers. He was strip-searched and thrown into a cell with a group of thuggish cellmates. Afterward, he was interrogated again and again by a bloodless juge d’instruction (investigating judge). Torreton’s riveting performance is painful to watch, not just because of the horrible things that happen, but because of the impression that we’re seeing the suffering of a real person, not an actor. We remind ourselves that it is an actor we’re watching—then we remind ourselves that he’s playing a real person. As we follow the ordeal of Marécaux, step by agonizing step, we learn more about the French justice system than we’d like to know. In France, juges d’instruction are in charge of investigating crimes, not district attorneys as in the U.S. The positive side of the system is that the juge d’instruction is neutral, only interested in discovering the truth of a case. Unlike an American district attorney, he isn’t automatically on the side of the prosecution, mostly interested in racking up convictions. The negative side is that, with the status of judge, the juge d’instruction has enormous power. Investigating judges also tend to be quite young; they have been specially trained for their jobs, but they lack the judgment that comes with maturity. The most Draconian power of the investigating judge is to keep the accused in jail before trial. The concept of bail is not as established in France as in Anglo-Saxon countries. Marécaux wound up staying in jail for about two years. Also, contrary to the American notion of “discovery” (the exchange of relevant information between defense and prosecution), the French principle of secret de l’instruction means that a case can be as opaque as in any dictatorship. In the past, an additional problem was that the person under investigation did not have ready access to a lawyer. (The accused isn’t officially accused, after all.) This, at least, has been reformed. From nearly the beginning, Marécaux has the assistance of veteran attorney Maître Hubert Delarue. Wladimir Yordanoff gives a solid performance as Delarue, portraying him as competent, intelligent, sympathetic, but limited by the system. He does give a dramatic speech toward the end of the movie worthy of both Zola’s J’Accuse and Lumet’s Twelve Angry Men. But Yordanoff’s character isn’t romanticized—he’s a genuine lawyer, not Perry Mason. The rest of the cast give impeccable performances. Raphaël Ferret is fine as the smooth investigating judge. Farida Ouchani is thoroughly creepy as Marécaux’s accuser, a low-life child-molester who began making wholesale charges to save herself and her spouse after being caught. Noémie Lvovsky is also fine as Marécaux’s wife, though we get only a dim picture of what she’s going through because the spouses are kept isolated from each other. The film moves implacably forward, with dramatic moments but no real dramas. Vincent Garenq (whose last film was a comedy, Comme Les Autres) shoots the movie in a slightly antiseptic light for the most part, which suggests a documentary. But as the ordeal goes on and on, and as the protagonist’s despair deepens, the movie resembles a contemporary retelling of the Biblical Story of Job. Marécaux takes to praying to God and even to his mother (who dies in the course of his troubles). Whether because of an implicit spiritual dimension or Marécaux’s deteriorating psyche, Garenq’s filming turns a bit distorted—when Marécaux comes out of a cell into bright light, it’s blindingly white. He attempts suicide twice and goes on a hunger strike, and we practically feel his torment. Here Torreton’s performance stands comparison with Robert de Niro in his most demanding roles. Presumed Guilty is a movie one can describe as harrowing, except that here the word is an understatement. But as you watch, you know that…
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By Dimitri Keramitas

Dimitri Keramitas was born and raised in Connecticut, USA, and was educated at the University of Hartford, Sorbonne, and the University of London, and holds degrees in literature and law. He has lived in Paris for years, and directs a training company and translation agency. In addition, he has worked as a film critic for both print and on-line publications, including Bonjour Paris and France Today. He is a contributing editor to Movies in American History. In addition he is an award-winning writer of fiction, whose stories have been published in many literary journals. He is the director of the creative writing program at WICE, a Paris-based organization. He is also a director at the Paris Alumni Network, an organization linking together several hundred professionals, and is the editor of its newletter. The father of two children, Dimitri not only enjoys Paris living but returning to the US regularly and traveling in Europe and elsewhere.