Interview with Author Carol Roh Spaulding

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Interview with Author Carol Roh Spaulding
Carol Roh Spaulding is a professor of literature at Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa. Her latest novel, Helen Button, takes a minor character from Gertrude Stein’s 1940 book Paris France, and imagines a whole life for this character — Hélène — that follows her from her childhood in rural France in the 1930s, to her life in the United States in 2005. Through Hélène’s life experiences, and her reflections upon them, readers are challenged to think about the ravages of war, and grapple with thorny questions about individual responsibility in the face of injustice. Professor Spaulding recently took the time to answer Janet Hulstrand’s questions about Helen Button for Bonjour Paris.   What inspired you to write this book? Did you have a sudden moment of epiphany, or was it an idea that grew over time?   In the 1980s, I lived in Paris at 26 rue de Fleurus, the former residence of Gertrude Stein and Alice Toklas. I dreamed of being a writer, and I later went to graduate school in American literature, and read and learned more about Stein. (Decades later, I wrote a nonfiction piece for Brevity  about that time in my life, which I later made into a three-minute film viewable here and below.) If you’ve ever lived in Paris, there’s so much you want to capture and keep in your memory. It really is “a moveable feast,” as Hemingway called it. Many details of my time on rue de Fleurus found their way into the novel. There was no sudden epiphany, but probably the biggest influence was Janet Malcom’s biography of Stein and Toklas, Two Lives. It investigates the question many have wondered about, but few took the time to answer: what were two Jewish, lesbian, American women doing in Vichy-controlled France during World War II?   When I read novels that draw on real-life historical events, I am always curious as to which parts are historical and which parts were invented by the author. Can you give readers a general idea of what the historical background of this story is? Which are the actual historical events and people that are key to the plot? And how did you use your imagination to fill in some of the blanks?   The novel is structured using a dual time narrative that moves primarily between World War II and the year 2005, when the Paris banlieues erupted after the death of two Algerian boys in a tragic accident. A significant background narrative that informs the novel is the atrocity that took place in April 1944 at the Children’s House at Izieu, where 44 Jewish children were discovered by Klaus Barbie, their caretakers slaughtered, and the children removed to Auschwitz. One child survived. These events bookend Hélène’s story as a young woman, and again as a woman near the end of her life, when children are no safer, and the scars of war no less consequential. As a trained scholar, I enjoyed doing the academic and historical research that I got to weave into the narrative. Like many writers I know, I did almost too much research and had to cut passages I loved and wanted to make use of that didn’t ultimately belong in the story. The verisimilitude of a scene and its sensory and emotional accuracy depend on the smallest details, such as the term “Canada,” which was used during the Occupation for items obtained through the black market that had been stolen from Jewish people. The result of my research for fiction is always part historical detail, part imaginative bridging. My favorite research was the opportunity to spend several days with Stein’s papers and items housed at Yale’s Beinecke Library. There’s nothing like working with primary materials to fire a writer’s imagination. Classroom at the Maison d’Izieu. Photo credit: Benoît Prieur / Wikimedia commons
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Janet Hulstrand is a freelance writer, editor, writing coach and teacher who divides her time between France and the U.S. She is the author of "Demystifying the French: How to Love Them, and Make Them Love You," and "A Long Way from Iowa: From the Heartland to the Heart of France." She writes frequently about France for Bonjour Paris, France Today, and a variety of other publications, including her blog, Writing from the Heart, Reading for the Road. She has taught “Paris: A Literary Adventure” for education abroad programs of the City University of New York since 1997, and she teaches online classes for Politics & Prose bookstore in Washington D.C. She is currently working on her next book in Essoyes, a beautiful little village in Champagne.